Tyrol /Tirol/ - History, Culture, Photos: Erdbeben in Tirol

During the last days Tyrol was rocked by slight earthquakes. In Austria, earthquakes are confined to the lines of action of tectonic forces, on account of which certain areas in the Eastern Alps are pronounced earthquake areas.

Inn Valley at dusk. Tirol near Telfs. Seismic Zone

There is a continuous line of foci of seismicity which extends from the Leitha river along the eastern edge of the Alps ( Thermenlinie), the Semmering pass and the Mur and Mürz valleys down to Carinthia; further earthquake zones are Tirol north of the Inn river and the Drau/Drava valley. Tectonic earthquake foci are also found in the Bohemian Massif (Lower Austria: Neulengbach and Scheibbs, Upper Austria: Molln). The earliest reference to an earthquake in Austria, which is stated as having occurred in the vicinity of Tulln, is found in the "Vita Severini" (480 A.D.). The first chronologically dated destructive quake of major proportions was the one at Murau on May 5, 1201. The most violent earthquake to date was the "Earthquake of Villach" of January 25, 1348, which caused considerable damage in the city and was associated with a major landslide on Dobratsch mountain (Villacher Alpe). This earthquake coincided with the beginning of the Black Death in Europe; in contemporary minds the two disasters were connected, as acts of God, but accepted as something both tremendous and unexpected, and yet which also belonged to daily life. The historian of medicine A.G. Carmichael observes, "The earthquake of 25 January 1348 is likely to have fuelled and focused specifically apocalyptical fears more than plague did."

Earthquake risk in Austria. Source: Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik /ZAMG/.

An earthquake commission of the Academy of Sciences was established on April 24, 1895 to study seismic phenomena in Austria, with observatories at Kremsmünster (1898) and Vienna (1902). In 1904 the commission became part of the Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik ZAMG (Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics). Further seismographs were set up in Graz in 1904 and in Innsbruck in 1912. Since 1945 all public institutions, and especially the police and gendarmerie, have been under the obligation to report whatever observations they may have made.

Text source: AEIOU and Wikipedia

History of Tyrol

The earliest evidence of human settlement in the area of the Tyrol dates back to the late Neolithic period, and man is known to have lived here ever since. In early history, the Tyrol was a gateway between north and south and a link between two cultural areas - a role that has very much shaped the history of the Tyrol and is still relevant today. The Via Claudia Augusta built by the Romans to connect southern Germany with northern Italy passed through the Tyrol.
In the 13th century, Count Meinhard II of Gorizia combined the titles to the lands to the south and north of the Brenner to create the County of the Tyrol. In 1363 Margarethe Maultasch passed on the County of the Tyrol to the Habsburg Dukes Rudolf, Albrecht and Leopold of Austria. That made the Tyrol one of the Austrian Hereditary Lands.
In the Late Middle Ages, a free peasantry was the norm in the Tyrol rather than serfdom.
In 1511 Emperor Maximilian I issued a national defence proclamation called the "Landlibell", which largely remained in force until 1918. Under this law the Tyroleans were granted the privilege of only having to do military service within the borders and in defence of the Tyrol.
Until the late 18th century, the Habsburgs respected the law and constitution that had developed in the County of the Tyrol. Only later did the Tyrol have to accept the role of a crown territory ruled from Vienna. In 1805 the Tyrol was ceded to the Bavarians, who suspended the constitution, increased taxes, made various ecclesiastical changes and introduced conscription. In 1809 the Tyroleans rose up against the Bavarians under Andreas Hofer. Three times they liberated the Tyrol, but after six months they had to bow to the sheer numbers of the Bavarian forces. As the leader of the revolt, Andreas Hofer is still an object of veneration for many Tyroleans today. After the First World War, the old Tyrolean territories south of the Brenner passed to Italy.
Source: www.tirol.gv.at

Tyrol /Tirol/ - History, Culture, Photos

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Erdbeben in Tirol

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